| |
 |
 |
|
|
October month
practice (Oriya grammar)
|
|
Grammar is the set rules for making
sentences (bAkya). As different rules exist in English language,
similar rules also exist in Oriya language with some extras
such as the adjectives used to differentiate between different
genders. So, let's start with different parts of a sentence
and what are the rules in constructing a sentence in Oriya.
What is a sentence??
When some words are used together
to express our thoughts about something clearly, it's called
a sentence. In a sentence there are mainly 3 elements, subject,
object, and verb. In Oriya we use the terms " kartA
", " karma " and " kriyA" for them.
Example
Note:
As different signs such as colon, semicolon, quotes,
period etc. are used in a sentence to express the correct
meaning of words, same signs are used in Oriya sentences
too. The only difference is that a period sign in English
sentences is replaced by a line in Oriya sentences.
| Alphabets |
swara barna, byanjana barna |
| Words |
rAma, galA, bidyALaya |
| Noun |
parbata, Suman, Amba gachha,
ghoDA |
| Pronoun |
sie, semAne |
| Adjective |
bhala pilA, pakhALa bhAta, pAchiLA
Amba |
| Number |
goTie pilA (singular), pilAmAne
(plural) |
| Person |
mu, Ame (first person), tume,
ApaNa (second person), se, semAne (third person) |
| Subject |
The main actor: rAma, mun, bhakta-mAne |
| Object |
The actor's aid: gIta, bhAta |
| Verb |
The actor's work: gAilA, khAile,
paDhilA |
|
Compound Words (sandhi or Jukta-shabda)
|
Word for a phrase (samAsa) (Two or
more words can be expressed in one word.)
|
Rules in sentence construction
in Oriya
The rules are set by taking into consideration the
person, number, tense and gender and the characteristics
of the subject and the object.
|
Subject and Verb
|
Prepositions (bibhakti)
First Kind (prathamA bibhakti)
| Singular |
go, he |
| Plural |
e, mAne, mAna,
guDika, guDAka |
Second Kind (dwitIyA bibhakti)
| Singular |
ku, nku, ki,
nkiThAku |
| Plural |
nku, mAnanku,
mAnanka-ThAku |
Third Kind (trutIyA bibhakti)
| Singular |
dwArA, re, dehi,
dei, e, kartruka |
| Plural |
mAnanka-dwArA,
mAnanka-dehi, mAnanka-dei |
Fourth Kind (chaturthI bibhakti)
| Singular |
ku, nku, ki,
nki |
| Plural |
mAnanku, nku |
Fifth Kind (panchamI bibhakti)
| Singular |
ru, ThAru, un,
hun, Thaun, tahun, Thun |
| Plural |
mAnankaru, mAnankaThAru,
mAnankaThun, mAnanka-Thaun |
Sixth Kind (SaSThI bibhakti)
| Singular |
ra, nkara, nka |
| Plural |
mAnanka, mAnankara |
Seventh Kind (saptamI bibhakti)
| Singular |
re, ThAre, e,
ThAin, Thi, Thein, tahin |
| Plural |
mAnankare, mAnanka-ThAre,
mAnanka-Thi, mAnanka-Thein |
|
Examples
© Jagannath Organization for Global Awareness
(www.jogaworld.org)
|
|
|
|
